Did Novel Coronavirus accidentally escape
from a Wuhan lab? This
was a question in lots of people’s mind. You are well aware about Wuhan seafood market. On January 1st, it was shut down. Many of the early clusters of
confirmed cases had been in the market, so officials feared that COVID-19 was
linked to trade and wild animals. It sold everything, from snakes to birds to
foxes and rabbits. But the viruses most similar to the new coronavirus that
causes COVID-19 are from bats that live in caves a thousand miles away, but
just because they're similar doesn't mean they're the same.
Origin of SARS-COV-2
I just am baffled about this story. As of
late April, experts don't have all the information. we need to say where the
virus started. If the Chinese know evidence, of course they're not telling us or
anybody else. With the absence of crucial evidence comes many theories. One is
that it came from nature, which scientists say seems most likely. Another
theory is that it was a bioweapon, which scientists say there's zero evidence
for. I guess without putting too fine of a point on it, it would fall in the
real move conspiracy theory.
Wuhan Lab- Remarkable Coincidence or
Conspiracy?
We're going to focus on one theory that both
US intelligence and lawmakers are examining, that the virus accidentally
escaped from a lab. At least two labs in Wuhan research bat coronaviruses, the Wuhan Institute of Virology and the Wuhan branch of the Chinese Centres for Disease
Control & Prevention. They have become the focal point of suspicion,
not only because of the work that they do but because of their location. Both
are close to the market. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is about eight miles
away, and the Wuhan branch of the Chinese Centres for Disease Control & Prevention
is just 300 yards. Safety concerns at both labs have come up in recent years.
For instance, in this article, we see one of
the scientists from the Wuhan Centres for Disease Controls & Prevention
doing research on coronaviruses in bats while not wearing protective gear, but
regardless, if researchers are in the field or in the lab, most bat
coronaviruses scientists have identified aren't dangerous to humans. They're
not considered major potential pathogens because they just don't grow very well
in other species besides bats. That's why most labs who study bat coronaviruses
do not require the highest level of safety protocols. The safety situation at
the other lab is a bit different. The Wuhan Institute of Virology houses
multiple labs, including one that has the highest level of biological safety
protocols, biosafety level four. It is designed to contain some of the world's
most dangerous viruses. BL-4 is the ones you will see in articles with people
in a suit and an air hose attached behind them, and they're completely enclosed
and protected. When China first brought the lab online, it was with the
explicit goal of studying coronaviruses. China wanted to set up its own
laboratory after the SARS outbreak to study SARS-relevant pathogens so that
they could do that on their own territory without having to rely on the
international system.
Shi Zhengli, she's one of the world's experts on bat coronaviruses
and is based at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. The work we do with the Wuhan
Institute of Virology is to look for viruses in bats that we think could be the
next pandemic. That work and the higher safety protocols have led to suspicion
that Shi was working with more dangerous bat coronaviruses, ones that could
infect humans. Recent reports have come out that there were concerns being
raised by US scientists and diplomats about the level of safety, training, and
general protocols there and concern that this was the kind of thing that could
lead to leakage.
Two years ago, American officials voiced a
variety of concerns about these labs, including the ominous warning that there
was a serious shortage of appropriately trained technicians and investigators.
-Without fail, every single BSL-4 lab in the US gets some type of safety
violation, some type of, you know, thing that they could do better, and that's
the purpose of doing those inspections, is to make sure that biosafety is as
tight and secure as it can possibly be. But even in the most safe labs, things
go wrong.
That same 2018 State Department cable that
described the possible safety issues also warned about the dangerous nature of
Shi's research. They wrote, "Researches also showed various SARS-like
coronaviruses can interact with ACE2, the human receptor identified for
SARS-coronavirus. This find strongly suggests that SARS-like coronaviruses from
bats can be transmitted to humans to cause SARS-like diseases." Shi's team
reported this in a 2017 paper, but that paper doesn't show these coronavirus
samples were effective at infecting humans. And the virus used in that research
was not the virus that causes COVID-19. It's the underlying experiment that
has raised flags.
Researchers at one point had a live virus
that could infect a human cell. Just weeks into the outbreak, researchers from
Shi's lab found the virus had a 96% similarity with a bat coronavirus they had
previously researched. So they both come from, you know, this same distant
relative, same, like, great-great-great virus-grandfather. And though these two
viruses have diverged, that 4% change, it's the part that makes all of the
difference to us. The part of the virus that binds to the receptor on human
cells for the SARS-CoV-2, it's very different than the bat coronavirus, the
part that allows the animal virus to infect humans. Otherwise, it's
interesting, but it's not going to cause any outbreaks in people. That means
this virus and other currently known bat coronaviruses could've picked up the
features from just the right intermediary animal, allowing it to be able to
jump to humans. And really, what we won’t be able to find out unless we can
identify whether there is an intermediate species.
We have to actually see the ancestor of
SARS-Co-V-2 to know exactly what type of adaptations it underwent in order to
be able to infect humans, the smoking pangolin or the smoking whatever
else. Of course, the potential of great-great-great virus-grandfather isn't
the only bat coronavirus in Shi's lab. Even Shi was initially concerned that
her lab could've caused the outbreak. But since then, she says she's ruled out
the possibility. Shi, her team, and the Chinese government have adamantly
denied that it could've come from this lab. There's no way this virus came from
us. China's been incredibly open and I believe it's because it's a scientific
collaboration. And in China, they're really proud of their science. They do
good work, especially in virology. The evidence that a lab accident led to the
release of the virus that causes COVID-19 is circumstantial, but speculation
has heightened because of the actions of Chinese officials.
First, before the Chinese government had even alerted the World Health Organization to the growing epidemic, scientists were told to destroy early samples of the virus, according to the Times. After the Chinese government reported the virus to the WHO, officials quickly pointed to the seafood market as the source of the virus and shut it down. -The Chinese government acknowledged it began in Wuhan and put out this story of the wet market. It was a kind of unusual, specific pinning on the part of the Chinese government, like not their general way of operating. But many of the first-known COVID-19 cases were not traceable to the Huanan Seafood Market. The initial patient did not have any link to the market.
The Chinese government
reported that they had found samples of the coronavirus in the western end of
the market that is known to house wildlife, but to confirm that, scientists
would need specimens from the animals in the market. As of today, as to my
knowledge, and I look for this every single day for many days, China has not
divulged any information about what animals they tested from the market when
the closed it, and, of course, what the results of any of those tests were. The
only way to find an answer to this mystery is with a sample that matches both
the virus and matches the first patients, which scientists haven't been able to
find. Even if there was a perfect match to the virus in one of these labs,
without early patient samples, there's no way to be sure.
Conclusion
The balance of scientific evidence strongly
suggests the conclusion that the new coronavirus emerged from nature, be it in
the Wuhan market or somewhere else. Too many perfect coincidences would've had
to take place for it to have escaped from a lab, but the Chinese government has
not been willing or able to provide information that would clarify lingering
questions about any possible role played by the Wuhan labs. Seems like such a
remarkable coincidence that you have an outbreak of a coronavirus in theory
from a bat in the same city where there is this high-level BSL-4 laboratory
where not only are there foreign concerns about its safety, but there are,
like, Chinese articles about the safety protocols not being sufficient. And
obviously, there's no smoking gun. It's all circumstantial, but it's pretty
remarkable. And it's the kind of thing where it raises questions. That is why intelligence
agencies are still exploring the possibility, no matter how remote it may be, and
even then, it's unclear when or if we will ever know the origin story of this
new virus that is causing so much death and economic turmoil around the globe.
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